PEMANFAATAN ABU CANGKANG SAWIT (PALM OIL KERNEL SHELL ASH) SEBAGAI BAHAN SUBTITUSI SEMEN PADA PERVIOUS CONCRETE

Abstract

Pervious concrete merupakan bentuk sederhana dari beton ringan yang dibuat dengan cara mengurangi atau menghilangkan penggunaan agregat halus. Abu cangkang sawit dapat digunakan sebagai pozzolan, yaitu bahan halus yang mengandung silika (SiO₂) dan alumina (AI₂O₃) yang dapat bereaksi dan membentuk bahan semen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan pengaruh abu cangkang sawit terhadap kuat tekan, jenis variasi beton yang paling optimum serta pengaruh porositas dan permeabilitas terhadap kuat tekan  pervious concrete. Variasi penambahan abu cangkang sawit yang digunakan yaitu 0%, 5%, 7,5% dan 10%. Jumlah sampel yang dibuat sebanyak 12 sampel setiap varian dengan faktor air semen (FAS) 0,30. Pengujian meliputi uji kuat tekan, porositas dan permeabilitas. Dari hasil pengujian kuat tekan beton pada umur 14, 28 dan 56 hari diperoleh persentase optimum pada variasi 7,5% abu cangkang sawit dengan peningkatan kuat tekan karakteritik sebesar 14,71% yaitu dari 10,453 MPa menjadi 11,991 MPa. Hasil dari pengujian porositas terendah pada variasi 7,5% abu cangkang sawit dengan nilai porositas rata-rata 6,05%. Pengujian permeabilitas menunjukkan nilai permeabilitas terendah pada variasi 7,5% abu cangkang sawit dengan nilai permeabilitas rata-rata 2,66 mm/det. Nilai permeabilitas tersebut memenuhi persyaratan pervious concrete pada ACI 522R-10 yaitu antara 1,4 – 12,2 mm/det.

Kata kunci : Pervious Concrete, Abu Cangkang Sawit, Kuat Tekan, Porositas, Permeabilitas

UTILIZATION OF PALM OIL KERNEL SHELL ASH AS CEMENT SUBTITUTIONS MATERIAL IN PERVIOUS CONCRETE

Pervious concrete is a simple form of lightweight concrete made by reducing or eliminating the use of fine aggregate. Palm Oil Kernel Shell Ash (PKSA) can be used as a pozzolan, a fine material containing silica (SiO₂) and alumina (AI₂O₃) that can react and form cement materials. This research aims to determine the effect of palm oil kernel shell ash on compressive strength, the most optimum type of concrete variation as well as the influence of porosity and permeability on compressive strength of pervious concrete. Variations in the addition of palm shell ash used were 0%, 5%, 7.5% and 10%. The number of samples made was 12 samples for each variant with a water cementitious material (w/cm) is 0.30. The tests include compressive strength, porosity and permeability tests. From the results of testing the compressive strength of concrete at the age of 14, 28 and 56 days obtained the optimum percentage at a variation of 7.5% of palm oil kernel shell ash with an increase in characteristic compressive strength of 14.71%  from 10.453 MPa to 11.991 MPa. Results from porosity testing were lowest on a variation of 7.5% palm oil kernel shell ash with an average porosity value of 6.05%. Permeability testing showed the lowest permeability value at a variation of 7.5% palm oil kernel shell ash with an average permeability value of 2.66 mm/sec. The permeability value meets the pervious concrete requirements in ACI 522R-10, which is between 1.4 – 12.2 mm/sec.

Keywords : Pervious Concrete, Palm Oil Kernel Shell Ash (PKSA), Compressive Strength, Porosity, Permeability.