Metode Kontrol Skalar Dengan Penala Parameter PID Otomatis Menggunakan Algoritma PSO Sebagai Pengendali Kecepatan Motor Induksi Tiga Fasa Berbasis LabView

R. Akbar Nur Apriyanto, Era Purwanto, Hary Oktavianto, Gigih Prabowo

Abstract


This paper presents the PID parameter tuning automatically for three-phase induction motors with the V/F control method or scalar control. PID control is one type of simple control, its computation is light, easy to implement and known to be tough in dealing with disturbances. But PID has a weakness that is the difficulty of determining the optimal PID parameters, especially when applied to nonlinear systems such as speed control on a scalar control-based induction motor. Output tuning results automatically in the form of the best PID parameter data collection. This study was validated through simulations using the LabView application by testing dynamic speeds and dynamic loads. When testing using the automatic tuning algorithm PID parameters with parameters that have been optimized the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm, the dynamic speed performance characteristic results are better seen from the transient time in the form of average dead time and rise time of less than 1ms. The results of the Global Best Fitness from the PID automatic tuning simulation using the LabView-based PSO algorithm in the form of Kp, Ki, and Kd values can be used as input for setting the speed of the induction motor in real time.

Keywords : autotuning, speed control, induction motor, Particle Swarm Optimization , LabVIEW®

ABSTRAK

Pada tulisan ini menyajikan penala parameter PID secara otomatis untuk motor induksi tiga fase dengan metode kendali V/F atau kendali skalar. Kendali PID merupakan salah satu tipe kendali sederhana, komputasinya ringan, mudah diimplementasi dan dikenal tangguh menghadapi gangguan. Tetapi PID memiliki kelemahan yaitu sulitnya menentukan parameter PID yang optimal, apalagi bila diterapkan pada sistem non-linear seperti pengendalian kecepatan pada motor induksi berbasis kendali skalar. Luaran hasil penalaan secara otomatis berupa kumpulan data parameter PID terbaik. Penelitian ini divalidasi melalui simulasi menggunakan aplikasi LabView dengan pengujian kecepatan dinamik dan beban dinamik. Ketika pengujian menggunakan parameter PID algoritma penala otomatis dengan parameter yang telah dioptimalkan algoritma Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), didapatkan hasil karakteristik performa kecepatan dinamik yang lebih baik dilihat dari waktu transien berupa rata-rata dead time dan rise time kurang dari 1ms. Hasil Global Best Fitness dari simulasi penalaan otomatis PID menggunakan algoritma PSO berbasis LabView yang berupa nilai Kp, Ki, dan Kd dapat dijadikan input untuk pengaturan kecepatan motor induksi secara real time.

Kata kunci : penala otomatis, pengatur kecepatan, motor induksi, Particle Swarm Optimization,  LabVIEW®


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.32487/jst.v6i1.814

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