Pengembangan Alat Ukur Hidrometri Berbasis 5 Jenis Sensor Untuk Deteksi Konsentrasi Sedimen Dalam Upaya Mitigasi Bencana Banjir Sungai Bomo

Zulis Erwanto, Data Iranata, Mahendra Andiek Maulana, Ginanjar Eka Sasmita, Siswo Handoko, Hida Jaya Habibi, Nur Cholik Hasyim

Abstract


Peristiwa banjir pada DAS bertipe bulu burung di Banyuwangi dapat membawa dampak tingginya angkutan sedimen dan menurunnya kualitas air. Peluapan sungai Bomo dipacu karena intensitas hujan dan kecepatan aliran tinggi sehingga berdampak erosi, degradasi, dan kekeruhan yang tinggi. Tujuan penelitian untuk pengembangan alat ukur hidrometri berbasis sensor untuk deteksi konsentrasi sedimen dalam upaya mitigasi bencana banjir di Sungai Bomo. Tahapan penelitian melalui proses rancang bangun alat ukur hidrometri berbasis sensor berupa sensor ultrasonic (water level), water flow, turbidity, TDS, dan suhu, lalu simulasi pengukuran, dan pengambilan sampel sedimen untuk diuji karakteristik fisik di laboratorium berupa uji konsentrasi sedimen, berat jenis, berat volume, analisa saringan dan hidrometer. Parameter hidrometri diuji statistik melalui sediment-discharge rating curve. Hasil pengujian karakteristik fisik sedimen sungai Bomo selama 7 hari masing-masing di bulan basah dan kering diperoleh nilai rata-rata Cu 3,88 – 6,58 dan nilai rata-rata Cc 0,62 – 1,19, berat jenis rata-rata 2,5 – 2,55 dan berat volume 1,49 – 1,57 gr/cm3. Kalibrasi pembacaan sensor TDS terhadap konsentrasi sedimen dengan nilai MAE rata-rata sebesar 0,23 reliable terhadap kondisi lapangan. Hasil sediment-discharge rating curve pada musim kering diperoleh persamaan Qs_dry=35.653.(Qw)^0.9315 (R2 = 0.8269). Pada musim basah diperoleh persamaan Qs_wet=16.501.(Qw )^1.3719  (R2= 0.9336). Pada saat musim kering perlu waspada karena lahan lebih erosif karena nilai a > 26 yaitu 35.653 yang mengindikasikan laju erosi tinggi dan dapat menyebabkan banjir dan longsor. Alat ukur hidrometri berbasis sensor layak dikembangkan sebagai alat deteksi konsentrasi sedimen sebagai indikator muatan sedimen dalam upaya mitigasi bencana banjir dan tindakan konservasi lahan.

Keywords


Hidrometri; Mitigasi Bencana Banjir; Sediment-Discharge Rating Curve; Sensor; Turbidity

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.32487/jtt.v12i1.1914

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