Perancangan dan Analisis Kekuatan Rangka Chassis Mobil Listrik Tipe Tubular Space Frame Menggunakan Metode Simulasi Komputasi

Abstract

The chassis is the main component of an electric vehicle, serving as a supporting structure for all vehicle components and receiving loads during operation. Therefore, a structural strength analysis is required to ensure the safety of the frame design before the manufacturing process commences. This study aims to design and analyze the strength of a tubular space frame for an electric car using a computational simulation approach based on the finite element method. The frame model is made in three-dimensional geometry and analyzed against static loading with varying rider loads of 46 kg, 56 kg, and 66 kg. The analysis parameters used include Von Mises stress, displacement, and safety factor to evaluate the structural response to loading. The simulation results indicate that at a load of 46 kg, the maximum Von Mises stress is 18.09 MPa, accompanied by a displacement of 0.20 mm and a safety factor of 3.03. At a load of 56 kg, the stress increases to 22.02 MPa with a displacement of 0.24 mm and a safety factor of 2.49. Meanwhile, at a load of 66 kg, a maximum stress of 25.95 MPa was obtained with a displacement of 0.29 mm and a safety factor of 2.11. This maximum stress value is still below the material's yield stress of 207 MPa, so the frame structure is still in a safe condition under the applied load.